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Throughout the Middle Ages, from the barons forcing King John to sign the Magna Carta, to the Wars of the Roses, rebellion was a game played almost exclusively by the rich and powerful. Their aim was usually to discipline a king who was not playing by the accepted rules of the game and only to replace him (as in the cases of Kings Edward II and Richard II) when he refused to mend his ways. With the exception of Jack Cade's rising in 1450 and the Peasants' Revolt 70 years earlier (a large-scale popular uprising with genuinely revolutionary social and economic aims), medieval rebellions were often more about preserving the status quo rather than challenging it.